Pengaruh Salinitas Air Pada Kinerja Perkecambahan Benih Tiga Varietas Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

Rice, as the main staple crop of Indonesia, faces many challenges in its cultivation. Several high-yielding varieties such as Ciherang, Inpari-32, and Mekongga produce high yields; however, their tolerance to salinity has not been clearly determined. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether these three rice varieties have similar tolerance to saline water conditions by examining the effect of different salinity levels on seed germination, identifying differences in tolerance among varieties, and analyzing the interaction between salinity levels and varieties. A two-factor experiment was conducted using NaCl concentrations of 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1% for seed germination of the three rice varieties, arranged in five replications within five blocks. The variables of total normal germination percentage (PKNT), percentage of normal seedlings at first count (PKAN), and percentage of abnormal seedlings (PBTB) were measured through the germination rate test, while dry weight of normal seedlings (BKKN), strong normal seedlings (PKNK), weak normal seedlings (PKNL), shoot length of normal seedlings (PTKN), and primary root length of normal seedlings (PAPKN) were measured using the uniformity of germination test (UKsP). The results showed that salinity reduced seed germination in all three rice varieties, with increasing NaCl concentration leading to a decline in seed viability and vigor. A 1% NaCl concentration reduced the total percentage of normal seedlings (PKNT) in all varieties. Ciherang was more tolerant to salinity stress than Mekongga, while Inpari-32 showed moderate tolerance between the two varieties.